Strateji | 1.1.1 | by Miniclip.com | 55.24MB

Strateji | 1.0.11 | by Gmeta games | 375.3 MB

Strateji | 4.0 | 77.00M

Strateji | 1.6.6.1 | 69.24M

Strateji | 1.0 | by Onotion | 32.00M

Strateji | 2.2.12 | by Alejandro Hernández Ferrero | 142.04M

Strateji | 5.03.07 | 833.00M

Strateji | 1.33.0 | 1.38GB

Strateji | 1.4.7 | 110.57M

Strateji | v9022.17.09 | by ElQube Tech | 169.57M